Talking about prevention and treatment of mercury poisoning

2023-08-09 09:12:12
Quote: In the 1950s, Japan’s “Water Margins” that shocked the world broke out. The reason for the incident was that in 1908, a Japanese factory producing nitrogen fertilizer was built in Shuiyu City, Kumamoto Prefecture, southern Kyushu, Japan. The methylmercury compounds produced during the production of the plant were directly discharged into Minamata Bay. Beginning in 1950, the “suicide cat” was first discovered in the area. Later, some people had to blame the disease, which was called “water rickets” because the doctor could not diagnose it. After many years of investigation, it was discovered that the disease was caused by the consumption of mercury-contaminated fish in Minamata Bay. A large amount of methylmercury compounds are discharged into Minamata Bay and form a high concentration in the fish. After cats and people have eaten this polluted fish, they have been poisoned by mercury poisoning.

Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. In addition to metallic mercury, mercury is classified into two categories: inorganic mercury and organic mercury. Inorganic mercury can be converted to methylmercury or dimethylmercury, all of which are toxic.
Mercury and mercury compounds are commonly used in industrial production.
Metallic mercury is used in instrument manufacturing (eg thermometers, pressure gauges, etc.), electrical equipment manufacturing and maintenance (eg current switches, rectifiers, fluorescent lamps, X-ray tubes and rectifiers, etc.).
Commonly used in inorganic mercury are: thunder mercury, used as detonator and explosive; nitro mercury, used in the manufacture of organic synthetic felt; mercury arsenate, used in the manufacture of fireproof and anticorrosive coatings; mercury cyanide, used in photography, medicine, etc.; High mercury, used in medicine, metallurgy, wood preservation, printing and dyeing, tanning, batteries, etc.
Mercury spilled on the ground can form numerous small mercury beads, which increase the evaporation area and easily embed it in the gaps of the ground, which is difficult to be removed and becomes a secondary source of pollution that constantly pollutes the workplace.
Organic mercury is often used as a pesticide. It is not easy to decompose after being applied to crops, causing pollution of crop soil and water. Foods with high residual mercury can be poisoned.
Organic mercury can also be produced from natural conversion of industrial wastewater. Mercury salts of metallic mercury in wastewater are deposited in water sludge, metal mercury is oxidized to mercury ions, and anaerobic bacteria in the sludge can methylate mercury ions to form methyl mercury. Algae absorbs methylmercury in water and is eaten by small animals. Methylmercury enters small animals. Large animals feed on small animals. Through the “food chain”, methylmercury gradually accumulates in animals. Long-term consumption of this kind of fish and shellfish containing methylmercury can cause poisoning, and the cause of Japanese "water rickets" is here.

Symptom performance

Mercury poisoning can be divided into acute poisoning and chronic poisoning.
Acute poisoning mainly occurs in the short-term inhalation of high concentrations of mercury vapor. Acute poisoning is characterized by acute onset, headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, multiple dreams, low-grade or moderate fever, obvious stomatitis, and oral metal taste. Gingival swelling, pain, erosion, bleeding, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea; respiratory symptoms are more obvious, chest pain, shortness of breath, increased urinary mercury and accompanied by proteinuria, hepatomegaly.
Chronic poisoning is mostly occupational poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning are generally mental disorders, which are characterized by irritability and mercury tremor. Stomatitis is also a symptom of chronic mercury poisoning. Some patients show symptoms such as bad appetite, nausea, and menstrual disorders.
Organic mercury is mostly caused by ingestion of contaminated food. Ingestion of organic mercury can also cause exfoliative dermatitis.

Prevention

1. Control the maximum allowable concentration of mercury vapor in production below 0.01 mg/m3.
2. Use technological innovation to change the production process. For example, in the production of thermometers, vacuum cold-filling method is used instead of hot-filling method, silicon rectifier is used instead of mercury rectifier, and diaphragm electrode is used instead of mercury electrode in electrolyzed salt industry.
3. Prevent mercury pollution. Plants in the production of mercury and inorganic mercury should be reasonably configured to prevent cross-contamination.
(1) The smelting of mercury should be carried out in a workshop with a ventilating and exhausting device in a closed facility.
(2) Treatment of “three wastes” containing mercury. If the mercury-containing air is absorbed by chlorinated carbon (or manganese ore), the mercury-containing wastewater and mercury slag should be recycled before being discharged.
(3) Keep the environment clean and prevent mercury deposition. The building structure, tables, chairs and tools of the workplace must be smooth and smooth, easy to clean, the ground is smooth and seamless, and has a certain slope for easy cleaning.
(4) Pay attention to personal protection. Do not smoke, eat, rest, or entertain in the workplace. When you leave the post, you must change your overalls and take a bath.
(5) The use of organic mercury pesticides is prohibited.
(6) Occupational contraindications. Patients with obvious neurasthenia syndrome and autonomic dysfunction, those with a history of mental illness, those with liver and kidney disease, those with severe periodontal disease should not engage in mercury work, and women with pregnancy and lactation should not. Engaged in mercury operations. Those who come into contact with mercury should have an occupational health check once a year.

Carbon Steel Bolts

Mild steel, sometimes referred to as carbon steel or ordinary carbon steel, is defined as having a carbon content of no more than 2% and no other perceptible alloy elements.
This steel is produced on a large scale and is the largest part of the steel production industry. You will be able to find it in various applications, fasteners and fasteners.
Generally, this kind of steel has high strength, high hardness and magnetism, and is usually used in motors and electrical appliances - however, their corrosion resistance is poor, and should not be used in corrosive environment without protective coating or coating.
There are some differences between low-carbon steel and steel, because steel has lower toughness and greater brittleness, and low-carbon steel can be further strengthened by adding carbon.
If you need more information or want to order carbon steel products, such as hexagon Bolts, carriage bolts, flange bolts, U-bolts, union bolts, expansion bolts, threaded rods, please contact us.

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