Analysis of the future development of domestically produced instruments
In recent years, China's analytical instrument industry has developed rapidly with an annual average growth rate of 25%, and some products have been exported to Europe and the United States. However, it faces the situation that multinational corporations are increasingly competing and domestic enterprises are being squeezed out and suppressed. For a long time, almost 100% of high-end analytical instruments have been occupied by imports, forcing domestic analytical instrument companies to change their original R&D production models, and have begun to gradually develop in the direction of producing high-end analytical instruments.
“Before doing the experiment, we would like to buy domestically produced instruments. The price is definitely worthwhile, but according to our experience, it is very easy for domestically produced instruments to be used after a period of time. Therefore, we would rather spend more money to buy more time. Imported instruments," said a scientist working on virus research. Presumably this is also the common feeling of many instrument users in China. It can be seen that China's domestic instrumentation products are facing a crisis of trust, resulting in the same grade of domestic goods can not compete with imported goods on an equal footing. This phenomenon is particularly evident in high-end scientific instruments.
The gap between domestically produced instruments and imported instruments
In terms of technology, most of the domestic low-end products can replace the imported products, and the reliability index of the high-end products, that is, the average trouble-free operation time is about one to two orders of magnitude compared with the foreign products.
In terms of measurement accuracy, existing domestic products and foreign products generally differ by an order of magnitude. Because China does not have enough research on the basic technology and manufacturing process of instruments, some key technologies that affect reliability, such as precision machining technology, sealing technology, welding technology, etc., have not been solved well yet, resulting in products, especially high-end products. Performance is not stable and reliable.
In terms of function, at present, the degree of intelligence of foreign production is quite high. By digitally processing the original information, the influence of external interference on the information is better eliminated, and the environmental resistance and measurement authenticity of the product are improved. The level of intelligence in existing domestic products is still low.
Another feature of domestically produced instruments is that it is okay when used, but it will take a long time to go wrong. The failure rate is high and scary. There are many reasons for this: First, the method is not mature, first, the material is not closed, and the quality is not tight or there is no capital investment. In addition, some experts are self-satisfied, do not want to cooperate with domestic instrument manufacturers, and do not want to come up with the ability to look after home to support domestic instruments, they would rather write the so-called technical achievements of the imported instruments.
Domestic equipment research and development is difficult
Undemanding traction
This kind of traction should first be expressed in the scientific research, technology development and the specific tasks of production for the needs of certain instruments. With the demand, someone will develop and produce instruments. If these instruments can capture the market and achieve considerable economic benefits, there will naturally be people to do it.
At present, the main problem in traction is that our research is far from being the leader in today's world, but it is mostly based on tracking research. The scientific instruments used in this state are mainly mature products that have been commercialized and are available for purchase. At present, buyers with sufficient funds tend to purchase relatively ready-made imported instruments. It seems that in addition to the high-end instruments required in the fields of national defense and other fields, few people are willing to conduct independent research and development or purchase domestically produced instruments.
In fact, the experimental scientific research work that is truly expected to achieve the world's leading level must rely on advanced scientific research instruments with its own characteristics, especially those that are self-developed using many new principles, new methods and new technologies. Such instruments are not readily available. The products can be bought, even if there is a similar need to buy back and upgrade and system integration. Obviously, if you do not pay attention to the research and development of the instrument, you will easily lose a key game in the experimental means, and directly put yourself in a backward position in the international science and technology competition.
To form an effective traction for the research and development of high-end scientific instruments, on the one hand, the research work should go beyond the current "second-rate" level of the tracking and imitation stage, and reach the international leading "first-class" level; on the other hand, the level of instrument development itself must go up and help. Everyone builds confidence in domestic research instruments.
Second owed investment and policy
At present, China's instrument research and development funding is insufficient, and it is still very uneven, so "money" will inevitably plague instrument research and development for a long time.
We should note that in addition to direct investment, some of the money currently used in purchasing instruments will actually be used indirectly in research and development, because domestic research institutes can spend more money on purchasing new domestic research instruments. The innovation, R&D and sales of domestic scientific research instruments can form a smooth and virtuous circle. If the company is willing to invest large sums of money in research and development, the team of R&D and production will be easy to stabilize, and it will naturally be very beneficial to innovation. .
Therefore, in the funding arrangements for scientific research equipment procurement, there should also be appropriate policies to encourage research institutes to purchase domestically produced instruments. Although these domestically produced instruments are not fully compliant with foreign imported instruments in terms of technical specifications, they are still in use, maintenance and repair. Aspects are much more convenient and cheaper than imported instruments.
In order to do a good job in research and development of original scientific research instruments, the project management department should take the independent research and development results of the instrument as one of the important evaluation indicators of scientific research projects. When formulating the staff evaluation and reward system, all units should clarify the workload of new instrument development and improvement. The calculation criteria and corresponding incentive specifications will encourage employees to actively participate in the research and development of scientific instruments.
Three underlying foundations and capable people
The research and development of domestic research instruments is still shallow and the foundation is weak. This aspect stems from the backwardness of China's basic materials and processing technology, which has affected the entire industrial technology field including the instrumentation industry. Mainly in the quality of commonly used basic materials and devices is not good enough, although it can be used in ordinary civilian technology, but for high-end research instruments, it is difficult to ensure that its technical indicators can meet the requirements of scientific research; sometimes The most suitable materials and devices can be selected through “Excellent Selectionâ€, but the cost is too high to be mass-produced and used in industrial production.
The weak foundation on the other hand refers to the theoretical basis. At present, the people who do research and development of instruments are mainly engineers and technicians. They are usually lower in theory than those who need to use instruments for research. Some important scientific principles related to instrument development are not well understood or incomplete, and it is difficult to The relevant principles are truly integrated, making it difficult to quickly form new designs. In addition, due to the university's sub-disciplinary education system, the knowledge of many research and technology developers is not wide enough, which also affects their ability to research and develop instruments.
For instrument research and development, some people are essential. First of all, we must have a group of high-quality, practical people who are solidly based on the frontiers of science and who are very clear about the scientific issues in the field of involvement. They need to know the research tools and experimental techniques that are urgently needed. Sexual solutions and good at integrating resources to achieve design. Subsequently, there must be original and domestic research instruments with independent intellectual property rights that can be used by skilled craftsmen. Of course, these talents are not born, they need long-term instrument research and development to cultivate and exercise, and the R&D team needs to keep running.
Four undercore and depth
China's involvement in research and development of scientific research instruments is not deep enough, and it is often a slap in the face. Since the value of original scientific instruments of the new principle is usually not easily recognized by people, it is difficult to open the market with new instruments. Units engaged in instrument development and production are more accustomed to producing, improving and selling instruments that are popular in the market, including older models with a large market share and good reputation, and small improvements to these older models, by increasing digitalization. And the degree of automation, adding some features, improving the design and other ways to get the user's favor. The "research and development" of this small repair is far from the original level, but it is easy to make money, so many research and development production units of scientific research instruments are not tired.
At present, the core components of many instruments in China are actually imported foreign products. This kind of use of components produced in different countries for assembly and production of instruments is a normal phenomenon in the era of globalization, but some of them do not have the core technology at all, but still self-proclaimed as "domestic intellectual property rights" of domestic products, It is completely a cover-up, self-deception.
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