Specification for fertilization of winter melon in protected area
1 Cultivate strong seedlings: Generally choose low-temperature, shade-tolerant, suitable for dense planting of cooked or medium-ripe varieties, such as Beijing a string of bells, Jilin small winter melon, Nanjing nest of bee winter melon and other varieties.
The melon seedlings are made of nutrient soil, and can be combined with dry soil or old vegetable soil without melon seeds and fermented organic fertilizer.
Seedbed soil formula: 6 parts of garden soil , 4 parts of organic fertilizer , mixed and sieved. Per cubic meter of soil was then added 1.5 grams of NPK fertilizer, manure composting or cooked soy cake 1.0 g, amount of biological fungicides and insecticides, mix well. Fill the nutrient soil or nursery seedlings in the greenhouse.
The sowing date of winter and spring squashes is suitable after the National Day. Spring cultivating is more than 20 days in advance of seedling cultivation. Seed germination choose sunny morning after sowing. Moisturizing temperature after sowing until the two leaf stage begins, every 5 to 7 days can be spraying 1 0.1% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. In case of cold and bad weather, it can be combined with sprayed leaf fertilizer and sprayed with 1.0 % brown sugar or sugar water to supplement the lack of photosynthesis.
In the first true leaf exhibition of melon seedlings, choose sunny morning, buckle the small arch shed on the seedbed, apply carbon dioxide gas fertilizer, and timely ventilation and cooling after fertilization. Each of Applying the carbon dioxide concentration of 1000 mg / l or so, administered two hours per day, 5 to 7 days of continuous administration, melon could promote the growth and differentiation of female flowers.
When melon 2-4 true leaves, spraying 0.5% to 1.0% borax or zinc sulfate 1, promote differentiation. The standard seedling of winter melon is fixed at 4 leaf seedling age. If the seedling age is too large, it is not easy to produce roots and slow seedlings after planting; the seedling age is too small, and the growth is slow in the early stage after planting.
2 heavy application of base fertilizer, timely planting: winter melon growth period is long, need a large amount of fertilizer, must be applied to the base fertilizer before planting. 75,000 to 105,000 kilograms of fermented organic fertilizer per hectare , and 750 to 1050 kilograms of cake fertilizer . If the soil fertility is low, the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer can be increased by 750 ~ 1050 kg / ha. After applying the fertilizer, turn it 25 to 30 cm deep and smooth it. Closed shed, shed stuffy high temperature to kill bacteria. After planting, the film is covered and the bottom water is poured under the film.
3 skillful application of topdressing, strong sputum and fruit: the wintering and spring cultivating winter melon cultivation of winter melon is the principle of topdressing. Before the vines, the amount of topdressing was about 30 %, and the flowering result period was 75 %. In the early stage, organic total nitrogen fertilizer was mainly used, and appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied in the middle and late stages. The planting period is slow, the main seedling is the new root growth stage, and the stems and leaves are not obvious. It should be kept warm to promote the formation and growth of new roots. When the ground temperature low long-term bias, the light rejuvenation period prolonged, severe soak the root death.
After planting the seedlings (heart leaf unfolding), the temperature is lowered slightly, and the growth of stems and leaves is controlled to promote roots and roots, and to form a strong root group. After pouring the seedling water, the water control seedlings promote root development and flowering results. If the base fertilizer is sufficient, it is not necessary to topdress early. Generally, when the vine grows 1 to 2 meters, the topdressing fertilizer is 1 to 2 times to promote the vine fertilizer, and 2,500 kilograms of dilute urine is applied per hectare . After the first melon is sitting (when the size of the winter melon is walnut), it should be watered in time and washed with water. The fermented thin cake fertilizer or biogas tank fertilizer is 7500 kg / ha. The following year after the beginning of spring, into the Fruiting melon, rapid plant growth; increase in water consumption plays fertilizer, especially after the first harvest melon, water can be poured once every 7 to 10 days, a water separator Debris 1 fertilizer, applied NPK 500 to 600 kilograms per hectare, or retting liquid manure cake 7500 ~ 10500 kg. Depending on the growth of the plant, 0.2 % to 0.3 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate or an amino acid fertilizer or 0.5 % sugar solution can be sprayed . Root dressing can be combined with disease-proof spraying. In the winter, you should apply carbon dioxide gas fertilizer from 0.5 to 1.0 hours after the morning sun is exposed . The concentration is 1000 ~ 1200 mg / liter to increase the photosynthesis intensity and increase the fruit setting rate. The application of fertilizer water should be stopped 10 to 15 days before harvesting to reduce the water content of the melon and increase the storability. According to the physiological maturity of winter melon , harvest at the appropriate time.
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