Graphene Quantum Transistors Can Be Used as DNA Sensors

In the field of genome sequencing technology, scientists are constantly pursuing faster and lower-cost methods and equipment. According to the report of the Physicist Organization Network on October 30, recently, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign recently developed a novel method: sandwiching graphene nanoribbons (GNR) in two layers with nanopores. In the middle of a solid film (with an inner diameter of about 1 nanometer), the DNA molecules are passed through this "sandwich" device to perceive the identification of the DNA base pairs that pass through.

The DNA sensor designed by the researchers is a graphene-based field effect transistor device that can detect the rotation and positional structure of DNA strands. The key to achieve this is to use the electrical properties of graphene. The resulting GNR can be adjusted in multiple ways, changing its edge shape, carrier concentration, nanopore location, etc., thereby regulating its conductivity and external charge. The sensitivity.

“In this area of ​​expertise, the current major experimental research is model simulation.” There are many challenges and challenges here. Professor Jean-Pierre Leberton introduced the commonly used density functional theory (DFT, a type of physics). The quantum mechanics model method used in learning and chemistry, used to study the electronic structure of multi-object systems, is limited to solid systems, and what we are dealing with is a solid-liquid hybrid system. In addition, DFT also assumes some overly simple and idealized conditions for graphene nanoribbons, such as uniform GNR widths, regular edges, and the nanoholes in the center of the graphene ribbons, without electrostatic penetration of the electrolyte.

"In our approach, we use a multi-track tight-binding (TB) technique that is much larger than the number of atoms processed by the DFT, and considers different GNR widths, irregular edges, and different nanohole sizes and locations. Waiting for questions," Liberton explained. In addition, they used a multi-scale method to deal with the dual-mix system.

The researchers pointed out that other areas may also benefit from this study. For example, the development of new small bio-electronic devices is widely used in individualized medicine. Leberton said: "In a broader sense, this is the interaction of biology and nanoelectronics at the molecular level. Nanoelectronics devices give us the possibility to control biological information, exploit the ability of biological processing huge amounts of information, open up The new world of information processing technology.” (Chang Lijun)

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