Analysis of potential environmental hazards in building intercom
2023-11-06 08:07:55
As a standard security product configuration in today's residential communities, building intercom products are indispensable. Products produced by individual companies are compliant with the requirements of customers, and they want to stand alone and stand alone. Their functions are more and more abundant, and the technical threshold is also greater. The higher is. Although the system is complex, overall, with the gradual accumulation of industry experience, the reliability of the design of the product itself is on the rise. However, building intercom products have always been burdened with the most common names in the district’s intelligent systems. The most difficult to hear is even “a year of normal, three-and-a-half years, and five-year impassabilityâ€. Why? Let's take a look at what environmental risks exist in building intercom.
(1) Moisture factors
There is a direct relationship between wetness and flooding and the location of the area and the weak electric well in the building. In severe cases, it is possible to see the wall drowning or drip directly from the ceiling, which may cause water in the building intercom equipment or circuit corrosion. Because it is an air environment problem, it is hard to prevent. Do a good job of protecting the outer box, install it according to the direction specified by the product, and install it in a suitable corner to prevent the upper thread from falling directly into the threading hole to improve the effect.
(2) Dust influence
In general, an electric well is a relatively closed environment, but it may accumulate a lot of dust because no one enters or exits for a long time, or during construction of other construction projects in electric wells, it may generate a large amount of dust accumulation, and nobody cleans it. The accumulation of dust affects the heat dissipation of the device, combines with the moist air to become a conductor, covers the circuit board causing the circuit to malfunction, and also has a corrosive and corrosive circuit itself. Clean up in time and make equipment out of the box is a preventive measure.
(3) accumulation of debris
The accumulation of debris may seem to have nothing to do with building intercom, but it will affect the heat dissipation of the equipment within the electric well. When the breakdown of the relevant electronic equipment in the electric well may generate sparks or flames, it will become a fuel for causing fire. Therefore, locking the gate of the weak electric well and preventing the occupants from disposing of the sundries in the weak electric well is a concern for property management.
(4) Strong and weak electricity is not separated
In a building design that complies with the regulations, strong and weak currents are generally distributed over two different wells. However, sometimes, in order to reduce costs, developers will mix them in an electric well for transmission. Apart from causing signal interference problems, they will The installation and maintenance of the system will also bring about some safety problems. After all, most weak construction workers have no electrician's license. Therefore, strong and weak electricity should be separated as much as possible during construction.
The entrance door of the building intercom system and other access control hosts are generally installed on the external walls of the building and face some other environmental risks. Lightning strikes, falling rain, vibration, high and low temperatures, and backlighting are common.
(5) Lightning factors
Thunderbolts pose a great threat to electronic products. In particular, products such as building intercom systems, which have a large number of external wiring for buildings, have left the lightning protection of the buildings themselves. The external wiring is under the influence of induced lightning under lightning disasters and generates high voltage. The pulse signal enters the device interface through the line and destroys the device circuit. According to incomplete statistics, at least several hundreds of building intercom products in China are affected by lightning strikes each year. In recent years, some major manufacturers have gradually introduced the more effective anti-leakage discharge surge circuit design into the building intercom system, greatly improving the lightning protection performance of the building intercom system. Therefore, in areas where there are obvious lightning disasters, such as southwest and south China, full consideration should be given to the lightning protection performance of the product.
(6) Rain factors
Falling rain is the most severe test for outdoor building intercom equipment that does not have effective shielding conditions. Even if GA/T72-2005 “General Technical Specifications for Building Intercom Systems and Electronically Controlled Anti-theft Doors†requires product design, Compatible with IP33 waterproof rating. Often after the rain test, but also normal work, but generally can not stand the erosion of many years of wind and rain, and can not withstand the larger wind and rain when the angle of more than 50 ° of the rain to enter.
What's more, under the standard test conditions, the combination of the building intercom door machine and the embedded bottom box is perfect, and the installation surface is also completely flat. In fact, when the installation is on-site, the installation surface has a certain amount of bumps, and the depth of the bottom box is embedded. The angle may not be very standard, providing opportunities for rainwater to enter from the seams. Therefore, during construction, glass glue and other means are often used to improve the water intake phenomenon. However, there are still problems such as the aging of the glass glue after a long time, vibration gaps when using it, and inconvenient maintenance. Therefore, it is recommended to install in a location that can effectively block rainwater. There is no condition, and rain shields that effectively block rainwater should be installed.
In addition to falling rain, there is also a phenomenon of water inflow from the inside of the installation surface. The hollow wall surface of the equipment may have rainwater directly seeping inside the wall. In the northern areas, it is also possible to encounter large amounts of condensate in the external wall insulation layer, which directly enters the interior of the equipment. The prevention of this problem can only be prevented by ensuring the effective integration of the equipment bottom box and the equipment, standardized installation to prevent, through the waterproof of the equipment itself, Water, drain design to avoid failure.
(7) Vibration factors
The main reason for the vibration is that the installation position of the building intercom equipment is not a fixed wall surface. For example, on an iron gate, the door is inevitably collided when it is opened and closed, especially if the closing speed of the door closer is not adjusted well in some projects. It can be awake to nearby residents. The vibrations are naturally serious. Long-term mechanical vibration may break some 'top-heavy' devices inside the device, such as inductors, coils, etc., and may also cause loosening of some connectors. Such as the line plug, chip and chip base, the natural equipment can not work properly, there is a common cause of the device internal relay switch malfunction, the general relay internal switch mechanical structure. Under the influence of the momentary acceleration of vibration, the state of the switch may change, naturally causing an abnormal phenomenon, such as unlocking the unlocking relay. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a stable mounting surface as much as possible during installation.
(8) Influence of high and low temperature
The video intercom system has a permissible normal operating range, such as a temperature of -10°C to +55°C or -40°C to +70°C. The working environment of the product should be taken into account. Products that can adapt to the local extreme temperatures are selected to ensure the product. Normal work, such as in northern China, when choosing a door machine, LED display products are generally used. If you want to use LCD display products, you must have a relevant anti-low temperature design, because the LCD display screen operating temperature generally needs to be above -10°C. The prolonged exposure to high temperatures may also affect the normal heat dissipation of the device, change the operating parameters of the device circuit, and affect the stability of the device.
(9) Backlighting leads to unclear images
When installing the outdoor visual door machine, it was found that the image seen on the indoor visual indoor unit was dark, with white areas around it, and it could not be seen. The reason is that the visual installation of the door machine is not suitable. , The location of the door machine is dark, and the right background is bright. The camera equipment on the market generally has a certain function of backlight compensation, but in the building intercom equipment, the space size and the cost of the camera are limited, it is impossible to achieve a good effect of backlight compensation, can only say that the manufacturers are slightly different from top to bottom In fact, even in the eyes of the human eye, under such conditions, it is not possible to better see the appearance of visitors facing away from the glare. Therefore, it is unrealistic to rely on building intercom products to completely solve this problem. It must be Before installing the building's video intercom, fully consider the installation environment and adjust the mounting surface or angle appropriately so that the front-to-back, apparently brighter background does not appear, so as to ensure the ultimate desired display effect.
(1) Moisture factors
There is a direct relationship between wetness and flooding and the location of the area and the weak electric well in the building. In severe cases, it is possible to see the wall drowning or drip directly from the ceiling, which may cause water in the building intercom equipment or circuit corrosion. Because it is an air environment problem, it is hard to prevent. Do a good job of protecting the outer box, install it according to the direction specified by the product, and install it in a suitable corner to prevent the upper thread from falling directly into the threading hole to improve the effect.
(2) Dust influence
In general, an electric well is a relatively closed environment, but it may accumulate a lot of dust because no one enters or exits for a long time, or during construction of other construction projects in electric wells, it may generate a large amount of dust accumulation, and nobody cleans it. The accumulation of dust affects the heat dissipation of the device, combines with the moist air to become a conductor, covers the circuit board causing the circuit to malfunction, and also has a corrosive and corrosive circuit itself. Clean up in time and make equipment out of the box is a preventive measure.
(3) accumulation of debris
The accumulation of debris may seem to have nothing to do with building intercom, but it will affect the heat dissipation of the equipment within the electric well. When the breakdown of the relevant electronic equipment in the electric well may generate sparks or flames, it will become a fuel for causing fire. Therefore, locking the gate of the weak electric well and preventing the occupants from disposing of the sundries in the weak electric well is a concern for property management.
(4) Strong and weak electricity is not separated
In a building design that complies with the regulations, strong and weak currents are generally distributed over two different wells. However, sometimes, in order to reduce costs, developers will mix them in an electric well for transmission. Apart from causing signal interference problems, they will The installation and maintenance of the system will also bring about some safety problems. After all, most weak construction workers have no electrician's license. Therefore, strong and weak electricity should be separated as much as possible during construction.
The entrance door of the building intercom system and other access control hosts are generally installed on the external walls of the building and face some other environmental risks. Lightning strikes, falling rain, vibration, high and low temperatures, and backlighting are common.
(5) Lightning factors
Thunderbolts pose a great threat to electronic products. In particular, products such as building intercom systems, which have a large number of external wiring for buildings, have left the lightning protection of the buildings themselves. The external wiring is under the influence of induced lightning under lightning disasters and generates high voltage. The pulse signal enters the device interface through the line and destroys the device circuit. According to incomplete statistics, at least several hundreds of building intercom products in China are affected by lightning strikes each year. In recent years, some major manufacturers have gradually introduced the more effective anti-leakage discharge surge circuit design into the building intercom system, greatly improving the lightning protection performance of the building intercom system. Therefore, in areas where there are obvious lightning disasters, such as southwest and south China, full consideration should be given to the lightning protection performance of the product.
(6) Rain factors
Falling rain is the most severe test for outdoor building intercom equipment that does not have effective shielding conditions. Even if GA/T72-2005 “General Technical Specifications for Building Intercom Systems and Electronically Controlled Anti-theft Doors†requires product design, Compatible with IP33 waterproof rating. Often after the rain test, but also normal work, but generally can not stand the erosion of many years of wind and rain, and can not withstand the larger wind and rain when the angle of more than 50 ° of the rain to enter.
What's more, under the standard test conditions, the combination of the building intercom door machine and the embedded bottom box is perfect, and the installation surface is also completely flat. In fact, when the installation is on-site, the installation surface has a certain amount of bumps, and the depth of the bottom box is embedded. The angle may not be very standard, providing opportunities for rainwater to enter from the seams. Therefore, during construction, glass glue and other means are often used to improve the water intake phenomenon. However, there are still problems such as the aging of the glass glue after a long time, vibration gaps when using it, and inconvenient maintenance. Therefore, it is recommended to install in a location that can effectively block rainwater. There is no condition, and rain shields that effectively block rainwater should be installed.
In addition to falling rain, there is also a phenomenon of water inflow from the inside of the installation surface. The hollow wall surface of the equipment may have rainwater directly seeping inside the wall. In the northern areas, it is also possible to encounter large amounts of condensate in the external wall insulation layer, which directly enters the interior of the equipment. The prevention of this problem can only be prevented by ensuring the effective integration of the equipment bottom box and the equipment, standardized installation to prevent, through the waterproof of the equipment itself, Water, drain design to avoid failure.
(7) Vibration factors
The main reason for the vibration is that the installation position of the building intercom equipment is not a fixed wall surface. For example, on an iron gate, the door is inevitably collided when it is opened and closed, especially if the closing speed of the door closer is not adjusted well in some projects. It can be awake to nearby residents. The vibrations are naturally serious. Long-term mechanical vibration may break some 'top-heavy' devices inside the device, such as inductors, coils, etc., and may also cause loosening of some connectors. Such as the line plug, chip and chip base, the natural equipment can not work properly, there is a common cause of the device internal relay switch malfunction, the general relay internal switch mechanical structure. Under the influence of the momentary acceleration of vibration, the state of the switch may change, naturally causing an abnormal phenomenon, such as unlocking the unlocking relay. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a stable mounting surface as much as possible during installation.
(8) Influence of high and low temperature
The video intercom system has a permissible normal operating range, such as a temperature of -10°C to +55°C or -40°C to +70°C. The working environment of the product should be taken into account. Products that can adapt to the local extreme temperatures are selected to ensure the product. Normal work, such as in northern China, when choosing a door machine, LED display products are generally used. If you want to use LCD display products, you must have a relevant anti-low temperature design, because the LCD display screen operating temperature generally needs to be above -10°C. The prolonged exposure to high temperatures may also affect the normal heat dissipation of the device, change the operating parameters of the device circuit, and affect the stability of the device.
(9) Backlighting leads to unclear images
When installing the outdoor visual door machine, it was found that the image seen on the indoor visual indoor unit was dark, with white areas around it, and it could not be seen. The reason is that the visual installation of the door machine is not suitable. , The location of the door machine is dark, and the right background is bright. The camera equipment on the market generally has a certain function of backlight compensation, but in the building intercom equipment, the space size and the cost of the camera are limited, it is impossible to achieve a good effect of backlight compensation, can only say that the manufacturers are slightly different from top to bottom In fact, even in the eyes of the human eye, under such conditions, it is not possible to better see the appearance of visitors facing away from the glare. Therefore, it is unrealistic to rely on building intercom products to completely solve this problem. It must be Before installing the building's video intercom, fully consider the installation environment and adjust the mounting surface or angle appropriately so that the front-to-back, apparently brighter background does not appear, so as to ensure the ultimate desired display effect.
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