Structure and composition of high transition temperature superconducting materials are determined
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Recently, the research team led by Alexander F. Goncharov and Chen Xiaojia, researchers of the Institute of Solid State Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Hefei Institute of Physical Sciences, used a self-built Raman spectroscopy platform in combination with synchrotron radiation in Germany and the United States. The structural data collected by the light source and in collaboration with the team led by Prof. Artem R. Oganov, a theoretical simulation expert, obtained five high-pressure phases with different compositions under different temperature and pressure environments. This research work was published online on May 10 in Physical Review B (vol. 93, no. 174105 (2016)).
Superconductivity has important application value. For example, a sensitive superconducting thermometer can be made using the law that the resistivity changes rapidly with temperature near the critical temperature; a superconducting non-resistive effect can be used to transmit a powerful current to make a superconducting magnet. Superconducting accelerators, superconducting machines, etc. The most ideal application of superconductors is to act as cable strips in the city's commercial power transmission systems. If superconductors can be used under room temperature conditions, superconducting cables can be used for electrical transport. The transmission efficiency is over 99%, enabling the world More than one-quarter more electricity is generated. Therefore, looking for room temperature superconductors to get the superconductors out of the "low temperature" constraint is the most urgent problem to be solved when superconductors are applied.
The discovery of 200 K superconductivity in the sulfur-hydrogen system is an important event in the field of condensed matter physics in the near future. This not only indicates that the electro-acoustic coupling in the traditional sense still determines high-temperature superconductivity, and that high temperatures may still be found in conventional systems. Or room-temperature superconductors have stimulated people's expectations for the widespread use of strong and weak electric superconductors at room temperature, thereby bringing about technological revolutions such as the invention of lamps and telephones. However, the superconducting phase of this superconducting system under high pressure remains unclear, and its related superconducting mechanism remains to be studied.
The solids research team used the same experimental path as detected superconductivity and found that the body centered cubic R3m (or Im-3m) body at 140–150 GPa pressure corresponds to its extremely high superconductivity. This phase was predicted by the researchers of Jilin University in China last year. This research work is the fifth experimental work reported since the discovery of thiohydrogen superconductors. The first three tasks were mainly conducted by the superconductivity finder himself and his participants, and recently reported by other scholars in China H4S3. The phase does not actually have superconducting properties. Therefore, the determination of this body-centered cubic phase is of great significance for understanding superconducting phases and components, controlling the high-pressure synthesis of superconductivity, and studying the mechanism of superconductivity. Alexander F. Goncharov and Chen Xiaojia gave an invited report on this research result at the Super Hydride Frontier Conference held at the University of Rome, Italy, sharing their latest research with sulfhydrine superconductor discoverers and global researchers in the field. progress.
The Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Research Institute, Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, had a series of important scientific discoveries this year. At the beginning of the year, researchers from the center discovered the V phase of hydrogen under high pressure. The paper was published on January 7. In the "Nature" of Japan, in addition, the nature of the thermal conductivity measurement of iron under extreme temperature and pressure conditions in the depths of the Earth will be published in "Nature" to be published on June 4th.
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