Prevention and cure method of soybean top blight

Soybean tuberculosis is also called bud blight, which is a kind of soybean virus disease that has a greater impact on yield. Due to different ages, the damage is between 25% and 100%. In China, similar symptoms appeared in foreign varieties introduced in Shandong Province in 1962, and later in Hebei, Beijing, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang and other places. The disease is caused by a variety of viruses, but the pathogen has not been formally identified, so the pathogens of the top blight may vary from place to place.
1. Disease symptoms Most soybean varieties do not show obvious symptoms at the seedling stage, and only a few rust-like spots appear on the leaves. The typical symptoms appear after flowering. The top of the stem of the diseased plant is bent downward into a hook shape. The top leaves, buds and stems become brown and dry, and the pith is brown. The necrotic part spreads down. Brown necrotic streaks are produced on the petiole, and irregular brownish necrotic spots are also present on the pods, and the leaves often do not show symptoms. Plants with early onset are obviously dwarfed, with few pods or pods, and some are not branched. In addition, the diseased plants may also appear dwarf, flower buds and compound leaves, large expansion, and the leaves are abnormally dark green. The harvesting season is often dark and green, and the leaves are normal and do not produce brown. Plaque.
2. The incidence and prevalence of the incidence of top blight vary greatly between years and regions, but the epidemic law has not yet been fully understood. The survey showed that the perennial pasture and the soybeans near the wasteland were early and severe, and the soybean fields adjacent to non-host crops such as corn were late and light. Soybeans can be ill at any stage of growth and have a high susceptibility rate before flowering. Most soybean virus diseases can be transmitted by seeds, and it is difficult to detoxify the seeds after poisoning. It is ineffective to treat the seeds with chemicals or to use the growth point culture method.
3. Prevention and control method 1 Strengthen quarantine to prevent the spread of disease. 2 Breeding resistant varieties and using non-toxic seeds. 3 control of aphids can reduce the risk of viral diseases, spray 2.5% enemy killing emulsifiable concentrate 5000 times liquid or 40% omethoate 2000 times liquid in seedling stage; also use 3% carbofuran powder 2 kg mixed wet soil per acre 15 kg was applied to the bean ridge at the time of sowing, and the mites and cyst nematodes were treated. 4 Intercropping of soybeans with high-stalk crops, early sowing in the appropriate period, and removal of weeds in the field can alleviate the incidence.

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