Interpret the secret behind the seemingly simple spray
Spray spray coating can prevent the body from exploding. A recent new technology discovery can help people better protect the "face" in extreme environments, and the "golden bell" of spray materials makes people shine. The reporter visited relevant experts to unravel the secret behind this seemingly simple spray.
Apply one:
New camouflage paint
Anti-explosive burn
Instantly withstand high temperatures of 600 ° C
Recently, researchers at the University of Southern Mississippi received funding from the US Department of Defense to develop a new type of facial camouflage paint for American soldiers. This coating helps the soldiers' faces resist the momentary heat waves that occur when a bomb explodes, protecting the face from burns. The camouflage paint used on the traditional battlefield is only a covert function, allowing soldiers to escape the enemy's field of vision, but can not help them withstand the instantaneous fatal temperature of 1112 degrees Fahrenheit (600 ° C) brought by roadside bombs. To make matters worse, the lubricants and other greases in the camouflage paint will be fueled by the fire, providing more fuel for the combustion, leaving the soldier's face in flames to escape.
Dr. Robert Lockheed of the University of Southern Mississippi made his debut at the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society in Philadelphia, where he and the research team invented the heat-resistant camouflage paint, calling it a safer, heat-shielded alternative to traditional camouflage paint. Object.
Dr. Lockhead said: "A explosion of a roadside bomb, or any other powerful explosion, usually creates two risks: first, a high-pressure shock wave that propagates at supersonic speed, which can lead to catastrophic internal injuries; The almost instantaneous thermal explosion, which has a heat wave temperature of more than 600 ° C, is enough to burn the cigarette. Although the thermal explosion lasts only 2 seconds, it can almost 'burn' the face, hands and other exposed skin."
Applying a new camouflage paint to the face and hands protects the applicator from 600 degrees Celsius in 15 seconds. 15 seconds seems to be very short, but on the battlefield is enough to save lives. According to reports, in some tests, the camouflage paint can even provide 60 seconds of protection.
Fire protection can also prevent mosquitoes
Easy to use as a "mask"
Dr. Lockhead said at the meeting that this camouflage material must meet several key requirements: it not only reflects intense heat, but also provides colors suitable for camouflage during the day or night. In addition, it must be easy to apply and remove, waterproof, and non-irritating to the eyes, nose and mouth. It is not easy to take care of these points.
Professor Mai Kancheng from the School of Chemical Engineering of Sun Yat-sen University explained the difficulties of this technology in an easy-to-understand interview. “The substrate of traditional camouflage coatings is usually a hydrocarbon polymer that is easily burned when exposed to high temperatures. The substrate of this new coating is a non-flammable silicon-containing material. This type of silicon-containing material replaces traditional hydrocarbon polymerization. The smoothness and film properties of the coating can be achieved, as well as the function of fire and heat insulation," he said.
He analyzed that this silicon-containing substance may be silicone. “The filler ingredients used in beauty breast enhancement are mainly silicone. Silicone is non-toxic, non-irritating, and has high temperature and flame retardant properties. If it is easy to apply and remove, it can be waterproof. I estimate it in the form. It will be like some masks used by ladies now. It will be layered when applied. If you want to remove it, you can tear it off."
Because it is used by soldiers in the wild, camouflage paint is also required to have the effect of driving mosquitoes, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty.
In order to make the camouflage paint take care of the insect repellent function, it is necessary to add an insect repellent, that is, a mosquito-repellent amine, but the biggest problem is the flammability of the insect repellent, and it is difficult to balance it. Dr. Lockhead said: "Mosquito repellent is flammable. When the Ministry of Defense asked to join, we don't think we can do this." But in the end, the research team found a solution: add flammable DEET. A "golden bell", which is wrapped in a water-rich gel, is a gel-like component that perfectly meets the requirements of the US military.
Still can't bear
Long time high temperature baking
How can this camouflage coating effectively block the large amount of heat generated during an explosion? Finding the right amount of heat-reflecting filler is a major difficulty in this technology.
Traditional camouflage coatings use nanoscale pigments that maximize visible light reflection – which is why these coatings tend to be green or dark brown. But one problem is that these nanoparticles do not reflect longer wavelengths of light, such as infrared rays that carry heat, and reflect larger wavelengths of dye particles. Therefore, according to the data, the researchers who developed this camouflage coating incorporate the nano-scale dye particles into the large sand-dye dye particles to maximize the reflection of those heat radiation. In this way, the silicone "mask" can be kept within the temperature range that the human body is tolerated at the moment of explosion, when the surrounding temperature is high.
Mai Kancheng pointed out that at present, in the field of building materials, there is indeed a fireproof sheet with high temperature resistance. However, in the field of coatings with only a thin layer, the current application is mainly for the purpose of heat insulation in buildings, for the construction field. The substrate of the thermal insulation coating is mainly a hydrocarbon polymer, which is not resistant to high temperatures, and is not able to withstand the high temperature state reached by an explosion such as an explosion. "Firefighters' fireproof clothing, because it contains flame retardant, the material is also relatively thick. In the case of very thin texture, it can be used for a long time, it is still difficult to achieve." Mai Kancheng said.
Therefore, although Dr. Lockhead believes that his invention can be used not only for military personnel, but also for firefighters, Mai Kancheng believes that, in general, this coating can only resist the high temperature formed by an instantaneous explosion, and it cannot It is resistant to long-term high-temperature baking, so the foreseeable application of such coatings will be narrower.
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